Category: Medical Science

Author(s) Details:

Rajashri Namdev Kausdikar

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

Manish S Kondawar

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

Fahim J Sayyad

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Appasaheb Birnale College of Pharmacy, Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

 

This section is a part of the chapter: Mupirocin Emulgel: Formulation and Evaluation for the Management of Primary and Secondary Infections in Dry Skin Conditions

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are skin conditions that often lead to secondary infections caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, especially when the skin is scratched. This can result in symptoms like pustules and crusting. One effective treatment is mupirocin, a natural antibiotic used in creams or gels to fight bacterial skin infections. It works by stopping bacteria from making essential proteins. Since it breaks down in the body, it’s used only on the skin. Topical gels are especially helpful for treating infected skin areas, including the scalp, because they are easy to apply and don’t feel greasy.

How to Cite

Kausdikar, R. N. ., Kondawar, M. S. ., & Sayyad, F. J. . (2025). Mupirocin Emulgel: Formulation and Evaluation for the Management of Primary and Secondary Infections in Dry Skin Conditions. Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4, 62–76. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4713

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Author(s) Details:

Kosasih Kosasih

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

Ananta Altriyuana

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

Zainur Rahman Hakim

Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta-12640, Indonesia.

 

This section is a part of the chapter: Anti-Elastase Activity of Extract, Extract-loaded Nanoparticles, and Serum Gels of Indonesian Bilberry Leaves: A Comparison

“Indonesian Bilberry” (Vaccinium varingiaefolium) is a plant growing near volcanic craters that shows great promise as a natural source of antioxidants. Its red young leaves contain flavonoids and anthocyanins, which may help protect the body from free radicals and slow skin aging. Research shows it has strong antioxidant activity. Using gelatin-based nanoparticles can improve how these plant compounds are delivered in the body. This method is safe, biodegradable, and uses no harmful chemicals, making it a promising step toward natural, eco-friendly medicine and skincare products.

How to Cite

Kosasih, K. ., Altriyuana, A. ., & Hakim, Z. R. . (2025). Anti-Elastase Activity of Extract, Extract-loaded Nanoparticles, and Serum Gels of Indonesian Bilberry Leaves: A Comparison. Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4, 46–61. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4769

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Author(s) Details:

Gangaram Bhadarge

Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha-442001, India.

Nandkishor Bankar

Datta Meghe Medical College, Nagpur, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, India.

Sudhir Singh

Datta Meghe Medical College, Nagpur, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, India.

This section is a part of the chapter: Serum Zinc and Vitamin A Levels in Tuberculosis Patients: A Comprehensive Study

Vitamin A plays a key role in keeping the immune system strong, and its deficiency is common in people with tuberculosis (TB), especially in countries with limited healthcare and high malnutrition rates. This study looks at vitamin A and zinc levels in Moroccan TB patients to better understand how these nutrients affect disease progression. Since TB weakens the immune system and affects young people the most, improving nutrition—especially vitamin A—might help patients recover faster. This research aims to prepare for a larger study on using vitamin A supplements to support TB treatment and improve patient outcomes.

How to Cite

Bhadarge, G. ., Bankar, N. ., & Singh, S. . (2025). Serum Zinc and Vitamin A Levels in Tuberculosis Patients: A Comprehensive Study. Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4, 39–45. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4715

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Author(s) Details:

Dommaraju R Arunakumari

Department of Pharmaceutics, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India.

C Prashanthi

Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India.

D Sreeja Reddy

Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India.

V S Ponnambakam

Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India.

G Mounika

Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, India.

M Dharani

Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Pharmacy College, Guntur, India.

This section is a part of the chapter: Nanoparticles in Revolutionary Drug Delivery Systems: A Review

Nanoparticles are tiny particles that offer big benefits for drug delivery. Their large surface area helps poorly soluble drugs dissolve better, making them easier for the body to absorb. They can release drugs slowly and steadily, target specific tissues, and even enter cells to deliver medicine directly. Nanoparticles also protect drugs from breaking down too early and can carry multiple treatments at once. These features improve the effectiveness of medicine, reduce side effects, and make treatments last longer—especially helpful for tough diseases that need precise or long-lasting solutions.

How to Cite

Arunakumari, D. R. ., Prashanthi, C. ., Reddy, D. S. ., Ponnambakam, V. S. ., Mounika, G. ., & Dharani, M. . (2025). Nanoparticles in Revolutionary Drug Delivery Systems: A Review. Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4, 27–38. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4803

 

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Author(s) Details:

Yelmate A. A
Department of Pharmaceutics, Dayanand Education Society’s, Dayanand College of Pharmacy, Brashi Road Latur, Maharashtra, India.

Narayanpure D.V
Dayanand Education Society’s, Dayanand College of Pharmacy, Brashi Road Latur, Maharashtra, India.

Suryawanshi S.D
Dayanand Education Society’s, Dayanand College of Pharmacy, Brashi Road Latur, Maharashtra, India.

Nisale A.D
Dayanand Education Society’s, Dayanand College of Pharmacy, Brashi Road Latur, Maharashtra, India.

 

This section is a part of the chapter: Promising Anti-mycobacterial Potentiality of Indian Noteworthy Plant Argemone mexicana Linn.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health challenge, especially with rising cases of drug-resistant strains. Two common TB drugs, pyrazinamide and ethambutol, are becoming less effective due to side effects and resistance. To help address this, researchers are exploring natural remedies. In this study, the plant Argemone Mexicana Linn was examined for its medicinal potential. Using different solvents, scientists discovered that the plant contains many beneficial compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and proteins. These natural substances may help in developing new treatments for TB, offering hope in the global fight against the disease, especially with current treatment challenges.

How to Cite

Yelmate A. A, Narayanpure D.V, Suryawanshi S.D, & Nisale A.D. (2025). Promising Anti-mycobacterial Potentiality of Indian Noteworthy Plant Argemone mexicana Linn. Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4, 18–26. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4643

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Author(s) Details:

Pablo Hernán Sotelo

Biotechnology Department, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay.

Arturo Vargas-Correa

Biotechnology Department, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111421, Paraguay.

This section is a part of the chapter: Strategies for Studying Antiviral Activity of Natural Products: From Screening to Mechanism Elucidation

This chapter explores various strategies for the study of antivirals derived from natural products, focusing on methodologies for virus quantification, design of biosensors for specific targets for antiviral evaluation, and strategies for investigating natural products that may impact multiple stages of the viral cycle. The chapter begins by discussing traditional screening methods that include viral load quantitation, which is an essential tool for evaluating antiviral activity.

Building on the foundation of viral quantification methods, this chapter describes the design and development of antiviral strategies targeting specific viral proteins or processes essential for viral production. These include the construction of sensors for viral enzymes, receptors, and structural proteins that serve as potential targets for antiviral intervention. Natural products are rich sources of bioactive compounds that can modulate these targets by inhibiting viral enzymes, blocking viral entry or fusion, or interfering with viral replication or assembly processes.

How to Cite

Sotelo, P. H. ., & Vargas-Correa, A. . (2025). Strategies for Studying Antiviral Activity of Natural Products: From Screening to Mechanism Elucidation. Pharmaceutical Science: New Insights and Developments Vol. 4, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/psnid/v4/4496

 

 

To Read the Complete Chapter See Here

Author(s) Details:

R Shibu

Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India.

Shan AK

Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India.

Akhil Kumar K

Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India.

Binoy S

Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695011, India.

This section is a part of the chapter: Management of Charcot Neuroarthropathy of Foot with Hindfoot Retrograde Intramedullary Nail

Even though good clinical outcomes were reported by many authors regarding arthrodesis in CN patients, the choice of the most appropriate implant for arthrodesis is still an issue (Burns & Dunse 2017). Tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis (TTCA) can be done to save CN patients from amputation (Lee et al., 2018). It can be done with plates and screws, screws alone, external fixators or retrograde nails (Shan et al., 2023). Dalla Paola L et al. reported good outcomes from TTCA done with retrograde interlocking nails in Charcot arthropathy without ulcerations (Dalla Paola et al., 2007). There are several studies regarding TTCA using various implants, but only a few studies with TTCA done with hindfoot retrograde intramedullary (IM) locking nails (Shan et al., 2023). The authors report the outcome of TTCA done with hind foot retrograde intramedullary nail, in patients with Charcot joint, after a minimum follow-up of one year using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot score (Van Lieshout et al., 2017).

How to Cite

Shibu, R., AK, S., K, A. K., & S, B. (2025). Management of Charcot Neuroarthropathy of Foot with Hindfoot Retrograde Intramedullary Nail. Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 4, 152–170. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v4/4184

 

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Author(s) Details:

Oderinlo Olufemi
Eye Foundation Hospital, GRA Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

Bulus Stanley Sano
Department of Ophthalmology, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Umeh Victor
Eye Foundation Hospital, GRA Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

Lateefat Oshunkoya
|Eye Foundation Hospital, GRA Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

Adekunle Hassan
Eye Foundation Hospital, GRA Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

This section is a part of the chapter: Outcomes of Laser Photocoagulation for Goldberg Stage 3 Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy (PSR) in an Eye Foundation Hospital: A Review

Eyes presenting at Goldberg stages 2 and 3 are generally believed to be the best stage for prophylactic retina laser photocoagulation (Amissah-Arthur & Mensah 2018).

Our study seeks to evaluate the regression of sea fan neovascularization (successful retina laser treatment) after prophylactic retina laser photocoagulation for Goldberg stage 3 PSR in our cohort of patients in sub-Saharan Africa (Olufemi et al., 2023).

How to Cite

Olufemi, O., Sano, B. S., Victor, U., Oshunkoya, L., & Hassan, A. (2025). Outcomes of Laser Photocoagulation for Goldberg Stage 3 Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy (PSR) in an Eye Foundation Hospital: A Review. Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 4, 143–151. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v4/4154

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Author(s) Details:

Avraham Mayevsky
The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290092, Israel.

Michael Tolmasov
The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290092, Israel.

Mira Mandelbaum
The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290092, Israel.

This section is a part of the chapter: Real Time Assessment of Patients’ Body Oxygen Balance and Tissue Metabolic Score (TMS)

It is now 70 years since the significant work of Chance & Williams on mitochondrial metabolic state in vitro as summarized in Fig. 2, was published (Chance & Williams, 1955).

The discovery of the pyridine nucleotides was made by Harden & Young about 110 years ago (Harden & Young, 1906; 1905) and was followed by the  description of its full structure by Warburg and collaborators 30 years later (Warburg et al., 1935). All those historical studies led to the first detailed experiments, by Chance et al. (Chance et al., 1962), in which NADH (Nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide) fluorescence, was used as a marker of mitochondrial function of the brain and kidney in vivo in anesthetized animals.

How to Cite

Mayevsky, A., Tolmasov, M., & Mandelbaum, M. (2025). Real Time Assessment of Patients’ Body Oxygen Balance and Tissue Metabolic Score (TMS). Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 4, 101–142. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v4/4146

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Author(s) Details:

Priya Ahuja
Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India

Divakar Goyal
Department of Trauma and Emergency, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

This section is a part of the chapter: Challenges in Diagnosing and Managing Self-Embedding Behavior: A Rare Case Report

SEB is commonly associated with three types of mental disorders: psychotic disorders, personality disorders, and factitious disorders, with the majority of affected patients presenting with psychotic symptoms (Mannarino et al., 2017). Despite the extensive body of literature available, diagnosing SEB can sometimes be challenging, making treatment decisions equally complex.

Here, we describe a case from our trauma emergency department, as part of a series of injuries treated in this setting, to highlight this condition’s clinical and management aspects.

How to Cite

Ahuja, P., & Goyal, D. (2025). Challenges in Diagnosing and Managing Self-Embedding Behavior: A Rare Case Report. Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 4, 94–100. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v4/4203

To Read the Complete Chapter See Here