Author(s) Details:
Hou Yongmei
Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523808, China.
This section is a part of the chapter: Pathogenic Factors of Tic Disorders in Children: Biological, Psychological and Social Factors
CTD is refractory and prone to recurrence. When it occurs, the tic movements of children are easily noticeable, which has a detrimental effect on their learning, socialization, and physical and mental development. It can also increase the stress and economic burden on the family members. CTD is often accompanied by various comorbidities, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), obsessive-compulsive disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), epilepsy (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), cervical spine injury (Isung et al., 2021), and sleep disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), which can easily lead to alcoholism, drug dependence, crime, and death (Virtanen et al., 2021).
How to Cite
Nasrat, A. M., Nasrat, S. A., Nasrat, R. M., Nasrat, M. M., & Babiker, S. Y. (2025). Helicobacter pylori and Hyperuricemia: Revisiting Gout Diagnosis in Young Adults with Normal Renal Function. Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 4, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v4/3641